Leshem Dead Sea

May 7, 2011
By

Leshem
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Birds and salt - a new birding center at the Dead Sea

Every spring and autumn the residents of the Dead Sea wake up to the sound of wings of half a billion birds who migrate north over the Great Syrian – African Valley, which is navaled by the Dead Sea.
The Large birds, who often land in private courtyards also rest on the banks of this great salty lake and stop here to rest and oases, after the arduous journey over the deserts, in flight from Africa to Europe and back.

The Dead Sea and Judean Desert are the most important birding areas in the area, and supply a vast and rich touchdown base for the flocks of birds. This is an extreme desert region with multiple oases, impressive cliffs, curved canyons, Highlands and extreme low lands.
The area has a wide range of habitats for birds, qualitative observations on the phenomenon of migratory birds that integrate research and the various habitats and conservation, and strengthening human ties to Industry and Environment.
These conditions make the Dead Sea and Judean Desert a unique center for research, education and tourism, particularly of migratory birds and desert bird watching.
A new Interdisciplinary study Center is now planned by several Dead Sea and the great rift research foundations.

The Dead Sea area in its various aspects has great importance of regional, national and international affairs. The Dead Sea and its surroundings are a unique phenomenom: Here, there is a rare combination of unique conditions and extreme geographical aspects - physical, aspects of geology, climate, animals, plants, mineral, cultural heritage and more. The area is part of the Great Divide (Great Rift Valley - African) - the cradle of civilization, and the longest geological phenomenon - 07,20 km across 22 countries.

"The Dead Sea Research Center for the Great Rift Valley is designed to be the focus of a unique multidisciplinary research, which examines, in an integrative, various aspects of existing rewarded relations between them, and the sea environment – The Dead Sea rift, in order to understand and preserve the singular natural resource, a manner that will grow development and prosperity of the region.
The Center is based on a cooperation between the two main factors: R & D of the Dead Sea (Dead Sea Institute of Research, development and learning) science center along with the Dead Sea and the Arava, which operates as part of a regional R & D s Ministry of Science and sponsored by an academic at the University of the Negev, in cooperation with Tel Aviv University, Dead Sea Research Center and various departments at the university.
Project aid and other partners: the Regional Council for the Tamar, the Negev and Galilee Development Ministry, Ministry of Science and Nature Protection Society.

Center activities will take place in close cooperation with the Ministry of Environment, Nature and Parks Authority, and will be open for participation of various organizations, universities and research foundations in Israel and abroad. Special emphasis will be given to projects of cross border cooperation.

The center will be based in Masada and will include rooms for researchers, laboratories, computer rooms, study halls, auditorium, etc.. Meanwhile, we are also considering the establishment of a secondary school in Ein Gedi Field School, which will serve as a visitor center and observatory, as well as geophysical measurement center, with an emphasis on earth sciences, led by Prof. Zvi Ben - Avraham.
Ein Gedi Field School is situated north of the David river reserve overlooking the reserve and the Dead Sea, and is an ideal vantage point for bird migration research, as well as the great rift.
The center, located at Ein Gedi Field School and led by Dr. Yossi Leshem, is expected to be part of a national array of birding centers with 15 stations, and focus in research, educational and conservation of birds as well as growth, and open existing connections with parallels at the Palestinian Authority in Jericho and Wadi Mujib Jib in Jordan. The center should also focus on development of the migration observation by using satellite transmitters and enabling visitors to follow the migration from Europe and Asia through the Great Rift to South Africa.

The area is also home to many birds and animals who live here permanently, including the Arabian babbler bird song (scientific name: Turdoides squamiceps). Their uniqueness is the group life which is maintained throughout the year, including the exact same group of birds who protect their territory.

Social behavior of a population of babblers has been studied since the early 70s, and research led to the discovery of the "handicap principle," which explains evolutionary development of altruism and other social phenomena in animals and man: during the day, babblers guard the group from a high observation point with male and female leaders who reserve for the longest time (handicap principle). The entire group is bringing up babies, even not the biological parents. In many cases (unless this group has only one female or male), it is impossible to know for sure who the biological parents are.
This behavior iresembles the life of groups around the Dead Sea for ages: the Judean Desert sect members, known as the Essenes lived at Qumran were having a life of sharing as a group, and most settlements in the vicinity today are either kibbutzim or cooperative unions. This cooperative behavior which is strengthened in the present, may be the result of the harsh physical conditions of the desert for those who want to live in it.

Bird ringing activities occur regularly for the permanent monitoring of the birds, including many species of desert birds like eagles, falcons and more.

 

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